Nanoparticles for Brain Drug Delivery

نویسنده

  • Massimo Masserini
چکیده

The central nervous system, one of the most delicate microenvironments of the body, is protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulating its homeostasis. BBB is a highly complex structure that tightly regulates the movement of ions of a limited number of small molecules and of an even more restricted number of macromolecules from the blood to the brain, protecting it from injuries and diseases. However, the BBB also significantly precludes the delivery of drugs to the brain, thus, preventing the therapy of a number of neurological disorders. As a consequence, several strategies are currently being sought after to enhance the delivery of drugs across the BBB. Within this review, the recently born strategy of brain drug delivery based on the use of nanoparticles, multifunctional drug delivery systems with size in the order of one-billionth of meters, is described. The review also includes a brief description of the structural and physiological features of the barrier and of the most utilized nanoparticles for medical use. Finally, the potential neurotoxicity of nanoparticles is discussed, and future technological approaches are described. The strong efforts to allow the translation from preclinical to concrete clinical applications are worth the economic investments.

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

P107: Using Nano Particles as a Novel Application for Alzheimer’s Disease; an Effective Endeavor for Drug Delivery

As the most common cause of dementia among the elderly results in cognitive and ‎behavioral impairment, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized with aggregation of senile ‎plaques (Beta-amyloid protein), cortical atrophy and ventricular enlargement. Unfortunately, ‎conventional methods like acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor drugs, are not so effective owing to ‎restrictive...

متن کامل

Magnetic Graphene Oxide Nanocarrier as a drug delivery vehicle for MRI monitored magnetic targeting of rat brain tumors

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiform is the most common malignant brain tumor, with an invasive nature. Despite the development of conventional therapies such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, because of high recurrence rates, the prognosis remains very poor. Over the last decade, nanotechnology has represented an innovative method as nanoparticle-based drug delivery ...

متن کامل

Formulation of temozolomide by folic acid-conjugated tri-block copolymer nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent primary malignant tumor of the brain. But, the treatment of GBM is one of the most problems in cancer therapy because of poor drug penetration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Targeting drug delivery system and conjugating targeting moieties was recognized to overcome the poor penetration of chemotherapy drug...

متن کامل

Design and Evaluation of Chitosan Nanoparticles as Novel Drug Carriers for the Delivery of Donepezil

       The present study deals with the formulation and evaluation of chitosan nanoparticles containing donepezil hydrochloride for the targeted delivery to the brain. Nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation method using sodium tripolyphos-phate (TPP) as a cross linking agent followed by sonication. Nanoparticles were obtained in the average size ranging from 116.8 to 227.5 nm. Particle m...

متن کامل

A Review of Vesicular and Polymeric Nano-systems in Olanzapine Drug Delivery

 Olanzapine (2-methyl-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-10H-thieno [2, 3-b][1, 5]benzodiazepine) is an antipsychotic drug with poor water-solubility that has a suitable affinity to some receptors. This benzodiazepine derivative is a new (atypical) antipsychotic drug and has a wide range of efficacy, especially in treatment of patients with negative psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia. Olanzapine is ...

متن کامل

The Role of Nanoparticle in Brain Permeability: An in-vitro BBB Model

Membrane permeability and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux system are regulating factors in the drug brain penetration. Recently, some drug delivery systems have been developed to overcome these limitations. In this study, Metoclopramid has been encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles using the emulsification/solvent evaporation technique for in vitro evaluation of the effect of PLGA nanoparticles on BB...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 2013  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2013